imageANDsound: 1/20/08

Monday, January 21, 2008

class 1 ~ spectacles + spectators: images + projections

class 7 ~ Modern Times / Editing + the Continuity System

Charlie Chaplin's Modern Times (1936)

Editing
options for editing:

the straight cut
the fade
the dissolve
the wipe
the iris

Editing + Space
cross-cutting allows two sequences at two different locations to be presented at the same time; the effect creates suspense and speeds up the narrative.

Editing + Time
most films don't represent real time. story time is compressed. ellipses are signalled via such methods as captions, voice-overs, wips, fade to black, the cross-fade and dissolve.

Editing and Rhythm
the length of each shot will determine the pace of the action (including changes in pace) and will affect the mood of what is taking place on screen

Matching
shots are matched according to action, subject or subject matter. it ensures that there is a spatial-visual logic between the differently positioned shots in a scene. different devices are used for different purposes: a typical device to indicate a connection between two characters is to match their actions--a person looking a an alarm clock in one scene; another character turning their clock off in another...

Graphic Matching
a smooth visual transfer from one shot to the other--similar patterns of light + dark, or similar positioning of objects or characters

Compilation Shots
a series of shots spliced together that give a quick impression of space or time.

Montage
a rapid succession of shots juxtaposition images so that the over-all effect is greater than the individual parts

Editing and Sound
sound can establish continuity from one shot to another: connecting by musical score or sound bridges, where diegetic sound sound which belongs in the world of the film) continues from one shot to the next

The Elements of Continuity Editing
Continuity editing involves a series of film techniques that make connections between shots coherent.

180 degree rule/axis of action: a term used to describe an imaginary (straight) line drawn between protagonists in a scene. Ensuring spatial continuity and maintaining consistency of screen direction, the basic rule is to plan mise-en-scene around this line and to position the camera so that it never crosses the line.

30 degree rule: the camera position must change by 30 degrees between shots i order to avoid a jump cut. More than 30 degrees the cut will look like a new vantage point; less than 30 degrees and the it looks like the world has moved.

establishing shot: typically a scene begins with a long shot delineating the overall scene in which the scene to take place.

shot/reverse shot: conversation between characters usually use this technique. Shots establishing points of view in a two person shot.

eye-line matching : the first shot shows a character looking off screen at something and the second shot shows the object/character being looked at.

matching on action: an action is begun with one shot and completed in another.

re-establishing shot: after series of close-ups, re-establishing shot re-establishes setting.

class 8 ~ picture archive production + presentation (revised)

morning groups meet @8:30 in 3b6
afternoon groups meet @ 3:00 in 4G10

bring your pictures

class 9 ~ sound + silence: introduction to sound art

John Cage: An Autobiographical Statement

Ubu Sound Sources

Golan Levin

Golan Levin ~ Telesymphony @ Fondation Daniel Langlois

Silophone
Silophone on youtube

John Oswald

Mike Vargas
clips

Janet Cardiff + Georges Bures Miller

Steve Reich
different trains

Marion van der Zon

Andra McCartney

Hildegard Westerkamp

Christof Migone ~ clips

class 10 ~ film: sound in cinema + a brief history of film continued

the sound era

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

class 11 ~ sound artist presentations

class 12 ~ sound artist presentations

class 13 ~ film: sound in cinema 2

grade distribution + assignments:

1 class participation (15%)
2 picture archive— using a collection of found, visual imagery describe a subject (person/place/thing); consider graphic and descriptive values (20%); students are required to write a formal statement describe the theme and formal consideration of the picture project, to be submitted with the project (250 words, typed and double spaced) April 1
3 group research project—on an influential visual or sound artist (20% ~ to be presented April 1); each group member must hand in a short (500 word) paper on the subject of their presentation, along with a bibliography citing the reference material used, due the day of the presentation (5%) due April 23
4 sound archive—using recording medium of choice(answering machine, voice-mail, cell, Internet download) collect sounds that together communicate coherent ideas or value—be it personal, aesthetic, or political: the collection can include voice elements but not traditional musical sources (20%) students are required to write a formal statement describing the theme, and formal considerations of the sound project (250 words each, typed and double-spaced) (10%). Due date May 6

image/ideology/advertising: definitions

Media: me·di·a1 n
the various means of mass communication thought of as a whole, including television, radio, magazines, and newspapers, together with the people involved in their production (takes a singular or plural verb)

Consumer: con·sum·er n
1. somebody who buys goods or services
2. somebody or something that consumes something, by eating it, drinking it, or using it up
3. in an ecological community or food chain, an organism that feeds on other organisms, or on material derived from them.

Advertising: ad·ver·tis·ing n
1. the promotion through public announcements in newspapers or on the radio, television, or Internet of something such as a product, service, event, or vacancy in order to attract or increase interest in it
2. the business of producing advertisements
3. advertisements considered collectively

Ego: e·go n
1. somebody’s idea of his or her own importance or worth, usually of an appropriate level
2. an exaggerated sense of your own importance and a feeling of superiority to other people
3. in Freudian psychology, one of three main divisions of the mind, containing consciousness and memory and involved with control, planning, and conforming to reality
See also id
See also superego
4. the individual self, as distinct from the outside world and other selves

Citizen: cit·i·zen n
1. somebody who has the right to live in a country because he or she was born there or because he or she has been legally accepted by that country
2. somebody who lives in a city or town rather than in a rural area
3. a civilian, rather than a member of the armed forces, a police officer, or a public official

Democacy: de·moc·ra·cy n
1. the free and equal right of every person to participate in a system of government, often practiced by electing representatives of the people by the people
2. a country with a government that has been elected freely and equally by all its citizens
3. a system of government based on the principle of majority decision-making
4. the control of an organization by its members, who have a free and equal right to participate in decision-making processes

imageANDsound

Monday, January 21, 2008

class 1 ~ spectacles + spectators: images + projections

class 2 ~ the image + the archive

class 3 ~ image + ideology: journalism + advertising

class 4 ~ film: experiments with realism 1

class 5 ~ sound in film (revised)

class 6 ~ the art of photography + a short [early] history of film (revised)

class 7 ~ Modern Times / Editing + the Continuity System

class 8 ~ picture archive production + presentation (revised)

class 9 ~ sound + silence: introduction to sound art

class 10 ~ film: sound in cinema + a brief history of film continued

class 11 ~ sound artist presentations

class 12 ~ sound artist presentations

class 13 ~ film: sound in cinema 2

free sound mix software

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grade distribution + assignments:

image/ideology/advertising: definitions

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