Editing
options for editing:
the straight cut
the fade
the dissolve
the wipe
the iris
Editing + Space
cross-cutting allows two sequences at two different locations to be presented at the same time; the effect creates suspense and speeds up the narrative.
Editing + Time
most films don't represent real time. story time is compressed. ellipses are signalled via such methods as captions, voice-overs, wips, fade to black, the cross-fade and dissolve.
Editing and Rhythm
the length of each shot will determine the pace of the action (including changes in pace) and will affect the mood of what is taking place on screen
Matching
shots are matched according to action, subject or subject matter. it ensures that there is a spatial-visual logic between the differently positioned shots in a scene. different devices are used for different purposes: a typical device to indicate a connection between two characters is to match their actions--a person looking a an alarm clock in one scene; another character turning their clock off in another...
Graphic Matching
a smooth visual transfer from one shot to the other--similar patterns of light + dark, or similar positioning of objects or characters
Compilation Shots
a series of shots spliced together that give a quick impression of space or time.
Montage
a rapid succession of shots juxtaposition images so that the over-all effect is greater than the individual parts
Editing and Sound
sound can establish continuity from one shot to another: connecting by musical score or sound bridges, where diegetic sound sound which belongs in the world of the film) continues from one shot to the next
The Elements of Continuity Editing
Continuity editing involves a series of film techniques that make connections between shots coherent.
180 degree rule/axis of action: a term used to describe an imaginary (straight) line drawn between protagonists in a scene. Ensuring spatial continuity and maintaining consistency of screen direction, the basic rule is to plan mise-en-scene around this line and to position the camera so that it never crosses the line.
30 degree rule: the camera position must change by 30 degrees between shots i order to avoid a jump cut. More than 30 degrees the cut will look like a new vantage point; less than 30 degrees and the it looks like the world has moved.
establishing shot: typically a scene begins with a long shot delineating the overall scene in which the scene to take place.
shot/reverse shot: conversation between characters usually use this technique. Shots establishing points of view in a two person shot.
eye-line matching : the first shot shows a character looking off screen at something and the second shot shows the object/character being looked at.
matching on action: an action is begun with one shot and completed in another.
re-establishing shot: after series of close-ups, re-establishing shot re-establishes setting.
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